Kathryn M. Thrailkill
Tanzania
Review Article
Contributions of the Insulin/Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Axis to Diabetic Osteopathy
Author(s): John L. Fowlkes, Clay Bunn R and Kathryn M. ThrailkillJohn L. Fowlkes, Clay Bunn R and Kathryn M. Thrailkill
Recent studies in diabetic humans and rodent models of diabetes have identified osteopathy as a serious complication of type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes. Accumulating evidence suggests that disruption of insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) homeostasis in the diabetic condition may be responsible for the observed skeletal deficits. Indeed, replacement of insulin or IGF-1 in rodent models of T1D results in significant improvement in bone healing despite ongoing moderate to severe hyperglycemia. Insulin and IGF-1 act through distinct receptors. Mice in which the receptor for insulin or IGF-1 is selectively deleted from osteoblast lineages show skeletal deficits. Despite acting through distinct receptors, insulin and IGF-1 exert their cellular activities via conserved intracellular signaling proteins. Genetic manipulation of these signaling proteins, such as insulin rec.. View More»
