Glucose metabolism refers to the process by which the body breaks down carbohydrates to produce glucose, a primary energy source for cells. After carbohydrate ingestion, glucose is absorbed into the bloodstream and transported to cells, where it undergoes glycolysis to generate ATP, the body's main energy currency. In the presence of oxygen, glucose is further metabolized through the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria, producing additional ATP. Insulin plays a critical role in regulating glucose uptake by cells, especially in muscle and fat tissue. Dysregulation of glucose metabolism is central to conditions like diabetes, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome.
