S M Khanam, K K Nandy, S S Chowdhury, M H Shaon, S A Haque, M N Islam and J M A Hannan
North South University, Bangladesh
Posters & Accepted Abstracts: J Diabetes Metab
Dillenia indica was previously reported to have hypoglycemic activity in type 2 diabetic rats. In this study, the possible mechanism of hypoglycemic action of the fruit was elucidated in type 2 rats. Antihyperglycemic effect was evaluated at different prandial states and time points by measuring serum glucose and insulin. Insulin secretory effect was evaluated in isolated rat islets. Sucrose malabsorption was evaluated in six different parts of GI tract. To evaluate glucose absorption in gut, an in situ intestinal perfusion technique was used. Disaccharidase activity was measured by incubating extract and sucrose with disaccharidase enzyme extracted from rat intestine. Effect on starch digestibility was determined as a function of time in a fiber-enzyme-starch mixture system using dialysis membrane. Extract showed significant hypoglycemic activity (p<0.05) in postprandial state following glucose administered without significantly increasing insulin level. Extract did not induce any insulin secretion from islets in presence of glucose (3 mM and 11 mM). Extract significantly inhibited the absorption of glucose (P<0.05) during perfusion of gut. It significantly suppressed postprandial hyperglycemia after sucrose ingestion (p<0.01) and reversibly increased unabsorbed sucrose content throughout gut (p=0.05-0.01). Extract significantly lowered serum glucose (p<0.05), Cholesterol (p<0.05), TG (p<0.05) and increased hepatic glycogen (p<0.05) without increasing body weight in 28 days study (0.5 g/kg, twice daily). The extract also inhibited both intestinal disaccharidase and alpha-amylase (p<0.01). Hypoglycemic activities of D. indica are associated with inhibition of carbohydrate digestion and absorption in the gut and enhancement of glucose uptake in the liver.
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