Metabolism, the body's process for converting food into energy, is influenced by various genetic factors that affect how individuals process nutrients, respond to medications, and manage weight. Genetic variations can significantly alter metabolic pathways, impacting energy expenditure, nutrient metabolism, and disease susceptibility. This study explores key genetic variations, particularly in genes affecting carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism, and discusses how these variations contribute to metabolic disorders such as diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. By understanding these genetic factors, researchers and clinicians can develop more personalized approaches to managing metabolic health.
