A thorough investigation of flood dangers will be required, starting with hydrometeorological evaluations of runoff and flow and concluding with an evaluation of the vulnerability of individuals at risk. Although there is a lot of knowledge on these subjects, climate change, population increase, and changing land uses provide data issues for flood risk assessments.This paper reviews the current state of the practise of assessing flood risk, including flood scenarios, hydrometeorology, inundation modelling, flood frequency analysis, interrelationships with water infrastructure, and vulnerability of people and places. Recent studies have provided comprehensive reviews of advancements in the water sciences arena. There is a substantial body of study on each of these subjects. While some of the techniques in these fields, like hydrologic modelling, have decades' worth of research advancements, others, like numerical weather prediction, have more space for development. All studies have shown that information is essential at every stage, from climatic conditions through the impact on flood victims.
