Diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, is increasingly recognized for its complex interactions with the gut microbiome. Emerging evidence suggests that alterations in gut microbiota composition may contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of diabetes. This article reviews the current understanding of the relationship between diabetes and gut microbiome, highlighting the mechanisms through which microbiota influences glucose metabolism, inflammation, and insulin resistance. We discuss recent findings, implications for therapeutic strategies, and future research directions.
