Obesity is a significant risk factor for insulin resistance, a precursor to type 2 diabetes. Lifestyle modifications, particularly dietary changes and physical exercise, play a crucial role in improving insulin sensitivity. This review explores the mechanisms by which diet and exercise affect insulin sensitivity, examines the efficacy of various lifestyle interventions, and discusses their practical implications. Evidence suggests that both dietary modifications and regular physical activity enhance insulin sensitivity, reduce body fat, and improve metabolic health. The integration of these lifestyle changes is essential for the effective management and prevention of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
