Thromboangiitis Obliterans (TAO) is a segmental inflammatory illness, non-arteriosclerotic vascular disease that affects the small and medium arteries and veins of the upper and lower limbs. The main cause of this disease has been linked to cigarette smoking. Felix von Winiwarter, an Australian surgeon, was the first to describe TAO in 1879. Leo Buerger recounted the pathological results of the 11 severed limbs in depth and accuracy after those twenty-nine years. TAO affects males aged 25 to 35 and affects the artery, veins, and muscles of the arms and legs. TAO can cause unusual symptoms in the gastric, cerebral, pulmonary, and renal arterie.
